In summaryThe Unified Patent Court (UPC) has now been operating for two years and has firmly established itself as a leading forum for patent disputes in Europe. This German dominance is not unexpected, with many of the German national patent judges having moved over to the UPC, and the ongoing decline in German national patent litigation. In the wider technology space, the UPC’s second year saw an increasing number of filings and decisions. The UPC’s decisions do suggest the court is very reluctant to make orders that would significantly impact a case’s timetable. With the recent wave of settlements, the role of the UPC’s Patent Mediation and Arbitration Centre (PMAC), which is scheduled to open in early 2026, will be monitored with interest.