Using this technology, they uncovered how oxytocin activity in the brain influences the way pups cope with being separated from their mothers. While most studies have focused on adults, the new research shows that oxytocin also affects the emotional behavior of young animals. During temporary separation from their mothers, mouse pups with an active oxytocin system adapted more easily and cried less. Pups whose oxytocin system was turned off did not adapt. The researchers noted that the study provides a new understanding of how early life experiences and brain chemistry shape future emotional and social behavior.