In response, the Philippine Department of Foreign Affairs issued a diplomatic protest, arguing Scarborough Shoal “is a longstanding and integral part of the Philippines over which it has sovereignty and jurisdiction.”The development is the latest in the long-running dispute between the Philippines and China over Scarborough Shoal. In designating the shoal a nature reserve, China is likely to ramp up its law enforcement operations in the area and may target Philippine forces. According to the State Council, the new national nature reserve will “strengthen supervision and law enforcement against all types of illegal and irregular activities” within Scarborough Shoal. He said he expects Chinese forces to use the national nature reserve to justify their law enforcement tactics against Philippine vessels. While Chinese forces have frequently deployed to the shoal, recent maritime and aerial incidents have shown the presence of destroyers, frigates and fighter jets supporting China’s efforts to deny Philippine forces from operating within and near Scarborough Shoal.