Around the world, sharply opposing views on juvenile justice are emerging and understanding them is crucial if Australia is to head in the right direction, writes Gerry Georgatos. NORWAY’S JUVENILE JUSTICE system is widely regarded as one of the most progressive and formidable rights‑based frameworks in the world. At the heart of Norway’s juvenile justice system lies a strong commitment to rehabilitation and restoration rather than punishment, to transformation. Although Norway’s juvenile justice model is internationally acclaimed, it has faced challenges in recent years, particularly in Oslo. Restorative justice initiatives remain peripheral rather than central, with pilot programs existing in scattered jurisdictions but rarely integrated into mainstream juvenile justice systems.