FOUR AUSTRALIANS have now died after their triple-zero calls failed to connect during the most recent disastrous Optus outage. Every carrier is vulnerable if redundancy, roaming and mutual assistance remain optional extras. For decades, the industry has resisted national roaming and gateway systems, arguing that network size is a competitive advantage. Missing was any recognition of resilience, redundancy, or universal service. Where to from hereThe lesson from Optus is clear: without enforced redundancy, transparent testing and mandated roaming, these failures will repeat.