The Bolivarian Process came with what I call the “alphabetization of the state” and, with it, people of African descent began to be truly incorporated into the political sphere, while important social justice policies were implemented. Uslar Pietri would also go on to argue that the Venezuelan state should be “mestizo and modern,” but that Indigenous and people of African descent should not be incorporated into the project of making the state, because they were all “lazy.” In the 17th and 18th centuries, cumbes emerged in Barlovento [Miranda state] and in Yaracuy state, where Andresote led a maroon uprising [1730-32], but also in Falcón state, where José Leonardo Chirino led a rebellion [1795].