In an interview with Targeted Oncology, Katy Rezvani, MD, PhD, vice president and head, Institute for Cell Therapy Innovation and Discovery, Department of Institute for Cell Therapy Innovation and Discovery, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses the antitumor effectiveness of chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer (CAR-NK) cell therapy. The core design principle was to ensure that only 1 gene was targeted and inactivated per individual NK cell. The primary method involved a repeated challenge assay where the NK cells were continuously exposed to tumor cells. By sequencing these surviving, dominant NK cells, Rezvani's team could determine precisely which gene knockout conferred the survival and fitness advantage. However, they also identified other genes that appear to be more uniquely critical for NK cell biology, including ARIH2 and CCNC.