Against guideline recommendations, preschoolers were often prescribed stimulants without even having the chance to try family behavioral therapy. In a new study, researchers found that preschoolers are not receiving appropriate guideline-directed care for ADHD. Drugs are recommended by the guidelines only after therapy has failed to improve the situation or in very severe cases. But the researchers found that 42.2% of these 3- to 5-year-olds were given stimulant drugs before therapy could even be attempted. “Clinical practice guidelines recommend medications as second-line treatment in cases with substantial dysfunction or lack of response to behavioral treatment,” the researchers write.