When India became independent on August 15, 1947, the FPSC was headed by its first Indian chief, H K Kripalani. Story continues below this ad(For more, refer: UPSC @ 100: The story of India’s top recruiter, Express Opinion, The Indian Express.) Ladakh was made a part of Jammu and Kashmir when Emperor Ranjit Singh acquired Kashmir in 1819. “The state of Jammu and Kashmir was essentially a British creation, formed as a buffer zone where they could meet the Russians. Stay updated with the latest UPSC articles by joining our Telegram channel – IndianExpress UPSC Hub, and follow us on Instagram and X.