These surcharges, often opaque and heavily criticised, have become a significant source of revenue for municipal coffers and a major point of contention for frustrated consumers. The inquiry, undertaken in terms of section 4(b)(ii) of the Electricity Regulation Act, 2006 (Act No. According to Nomfundo Maseti, Nersa member responsible for electricity regulation,: “This inquiry underscores Nersa’s commitment to safeguarding the interests of electricity users while ensuring the financial viability of the sector. Through this inquiry, Nersa aims to reinforce regulatory stewardship, advance transparency, and support a sustainable and efficient electricity supply industry. While the outcome is not yet known, the message is clear: the era of unexplained and escalating municipal surcharges is facing its most serious challenge to date.