Hybrid WarfareThe new low-cost drones, developed in collaboration with Ukraine, are part of a new strategy to supposedly deter Russian jet and drone incursions into Nato airspace. Recently there have been threatening incursions into Polish, Estonian, Danish, Norwegian, Romanian, Latvian, Lithuanian and Swedish airspace, prompting European leaders to sound the alarm. There are major risks, not only in escalation but in preserving civilian life. Defending against hostile drones requires choices that carefully balance effectiveness, civilian safety and the risk of escalation. Much of this of course depends on how far events escalate, and to what level of escalation a correct response would be validated.