"We also proved that on-die ECC does not stop RowHammer, and RowHammer end-to-end attacks are still possible with DDR5." Some of the primary mitigations for RowHammer attacks include Error Correction Code (ECC) and Target Row Refresh (TRR). "We recommend increasing the refresh rate to 3x, which stopped Phoenix from triggering bit flips on our test systems." The disclosure comes weeks after research teams from George Mason University and Georgia Institute of Technology detailed two different RowHammer attacks called OneFlip and ECC.fail, respectively. ECC.fail bypasses these protections by carefully inducing RowHammer bit flips at certain memory locations."