How ADHD Medications WorkADHD is associated with lower dopamine and norepinephrine activity in the prefrontal cortex. Non-stimulants are another category of ADHD medications. The Benefits of ADHD TreatmentThe benefits of the correct ADHD medication go beyond improving focus, productivity, and emotional regulation. ADHD Medications: Possible Side EffectsShort- and long-term ADHD medication side effects are typically addressed by lowering the dose. Cardiac EffectsMost studies find no significant adverse cardiovascular effects from ADHD medications.