Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects around 10% of adults worldwide and is projected to become the fifth leading cause of death by 2040. A recent study in CMAJ explored how following the EAT-Lancet planetary health diet could reduce CKD risk. People who closely followed the EAT-Lancet diet had a modest but consistent lower risk of developing CKD—up to a 9% reduction depending on the scoring method. Metabolic and proteomic signatures—specific patterns of metabolites and proteins influenced by the diet—partly explained the reduced CKD risk, mediating up to 27% of the effect. The EAT–Lancet planetary health diet and risk of incident chronic kidney disease.