However, prior studies were largely correlational (Heekeren et al., 2004; Heekeren et al., 2008; Polanía et al., 2014; Grueschow et al., 2015), and most causal studies were only limited to one type of choice (Philiastides et al., 2011; Rahnev et al., 2016) and performed in animals (Ding and Gold, 2012b; Erlich et al., 2015; Hanks et al., 2015). Such studies were able to identify common and specialised circuitries and mechanisms associated with perceptual- or value-based decisions or both (Polanía et al., 2014; Grueschow et al., 2015). Furthermore, we only have evidence of a single dissociation that shows a causal stimulation effect specific to value-based, and not perceptual choice. Seminal human imaging studies have repeatedly implicated the SFS, a posterior portion of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), during perceptual decision-making (Heekeren et al., 2004; Heekeren et al., 2008; Mulder et al., 2014). We modelled the observed behavioural changes with the DDM, allowing us to causally associate the stimulated SFS region to specific underlying latent subprocesses of the unfolding decision (Mulder et al., 2014; Polanía et al., 2015) as well as BOLD activation.