In 1857, the Sepoys, mercenary soldiers from the local population in British service, revolted in India. It began with the establishment of the Secret Committee for Peasant Affairs by Emperor Alexander II in January 1857, while the abolition itself took place four years later. In 1857, a railway boom began in the country, associated with the creation of the Main Society of Russian Railways. On June 11, the ceremonial consecration of St. Isaac's Cathedral, the city's largest Orthodox church, took place in St. Petersburg. Hostilities in the Western Caucasus dwindled down and ended five years later.