“We’re going to the moon.” Reid Wiseman, the commander of Artemis II, said the words emphatically, his way of opening a news briefing last September. The Artemis spacecraft, with its Orion crew capsule atop the giant Space Launch System rocket, has never carried astronauts before. So how, after all these years, changes of plan, delays, and so much money spent, is Artemis II going to do it? Artemis II Builds on the PastAlthough the Artemis spacecraft is on a new mission, in many ways, the vehicle is not new at all. It relies heavily on mature technologies from earlier phases of the U.S. space program—the space shuttle, the International Space Station, and Apollo itself.