For India, supply of critical minerals is a matter of strategic importance because of its growing ambitions in clean energy, electric mobility, advanced manufacturing. But, the country is largely import-dependent for these minerals, leaving it vulnerable to global supply disruptions and geopolitical risks. Also Read | India at an inflection point: How Budget 2026 can shape the next decadeBroadly, there are few key themes which the Union Budget 2026 may focus on for India to emerge as a powerhouse in the production and value addition of critical minerals. Finally, strategic stockpiling of critical minerals may be supported through enhanced Budget allocation beyond Rs 500 Crores budgeted under NCMM. Critical minerals recyclingFly ash, overburden, mine waste, including tailings, fly ash, red mud, and metal slags hold significant potential for the recovery of critical minerals.