As fears of a return to full-scale war in South Sudan escalate, Catholic bishops in the country have reiterated their call for peace and dialogue, amid fighting and mobilization in parts of the country. South Sudan gained independence in 2011, but in 2013, the world's youngest nation descended into a brutal civil war that killed nearly 400,000 people and forced millions out of their homes. The Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan, signed in 2018 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, ended countrywide fighting and allowed the formation of a transitional government. The churches have also rejected a proposed government amendment to the revitalized peace agreement, warning that if pursued prematurely or unilaterally, it would undermine its spirit, intention, and its gains. Tut Kony Nyang, an evangelical pastor who is general secretary of the South Sudan Council of Churches, which also includes the Catholic Church.