Surgeons in the US managed to keep a man alive for 48 hours with no lungs in his chest, before performing a successful transplant. Surgeons removed a patient's infected lungs and attached him to an artificial lung system to keep him alive. The 33-year-old man had developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, a life-threatening condition in which inflammation and infection overwhelm the lungs. The patients' new lungs (left) and old lungs (right). (Northwestern Medicine)To solve the problem, Bharat's team engineered an artificial lung system that temporarily replaced the lungs' functions.