According to a new study, the United States experienced negative net migration for the first time in at least 50 years, reflecting Donald Trump’s efforts to restrict mass migration and increase deportations. We conclude that net migration was likely close to zero or negative over calendar year 2025 for the first time in at least half a century. Specifically, we estimate that net migration was between -295,000 and -10,000 for the year. For 2026, we project net migration is likely to remain in negative territory. DHS EstimatesThe Brookings Institution’s estimate of negative net migration may not be high enough.