A major theme is the growing body of real-world evidence examining outcomes based on treatment order, particularly the sequencing of CAR T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies. The conversation also emphasizes the value of real-world studies that include patients traditionally excluded from clinical trials. Notably, data suggest that BCMA-directed therapies may be less effective in patients with active plasma cell leukemia, potentially due to higher levels of soluble BCMA. These findings underscore a broader shift toward more personalized immunotherapy selection based on disease biology rather than a one-size-fits-all approach. The interview concludes by identifying one of the field’s most pressing unmet needs: determining when and how therapy can be safely stopped.