Kenya is a financial crime scene, according to an ENACT Africa report. Source: Getty ImagesAccording to the 2025 ENACT Organised Crime Index, Kenya's criminality score increased to 7.18 in 2025 from 6.14 in 2019, ranking it fourth in Africa and first in East Africa. The criminality score runs from one to 10, with higher numbers signifying serious law violations. Kenya's position reflects the increased sophistication and diversification of criminal markets that exist alongside the formal economy. Financial crimes are perpetrated by organised crime groups, including foreign actors, with credit card fraud and identity theft becoming increasingly common.