Disclose detailed how some of Interpol’s 196 member states have been abusing Red Notices, which are requests for international authorities to arrest an individual. Rather than pursuing legitimate criminals, some countries have been using Red Notices to target critics, including political opponents and journalists. Disclose and BBC both highlighted Russia as one of the main countries misusing Red Notices to target critics abroad. According to data from September 2024 published by Disclose, Russia had issued the most Red Notices — at 4,817 — of any member state. Kyrgyzstan, which attempted to use Interpol to pursue Tuhvatshin, was 25th on the list of countries with the most Red Notices, having issued 917.