During the hearing, the Chief Justice made strong observations on the role of trade unions, remarking, “How many industrial units in the country have been closed, thanks to trade unions? Every household will be dragged into litigation,” he said, adding that trade union models had not always succeeded across sectors. The bench, however, permitted the petitioners — including domestic workers’ union Penn Thozhilalargal Sangam — to continue engaging with the Centre and state governments. Justice Bagchi noted that domestic workers were not entirely without protection. He also cited a Supreme Court judgment of January 29, 2025, which had acknowledged repeated, but unsuccessful attempts to frame a comprehensive law for domestic workers.