In April 2025, German memory companies Neumonda and Ferroelectric Memory Company (FMC) announced a collaboration aimed at commercialising non-volatile DRAM based on ferroelectric hafnium oxide (HfO₂). The partnership was presented as a step toward re-establishing semiconductor memory manufacturing in Germany – a segment that largely disappeared from Europe. Beyond legacy DRAM, Neumonda plans to offer specialised memory solutions tailored to specific temperature ranges, form factors, and qualification requirements. Most of them either exited the memory market, were acquired, or went bankrupt. “So hopefully, bringing semiconductor memory back to Germany will not remain a theoretical exercise, but a real opportunity,” Pöchmüller said.