Using time-resolved X-ray methods, the researchers were able to visualize the entire reaction pathway – from the initial molecular precursors to complete ultra-thin nanolayers. Ella Maru StudioIron-sulfur compounds play a significant role in both geological processes and technological applications, such as energy material research. Despite intensive research, however, it has remained unclear how such nanostructures form in chemical synthesis. This grows preferentially in two dimensions and then passes on its crumpled nanosheet shape to the final material. They demonstrate the extent to which intermediate steps and growth dynamics determine the final form of nanomaterials.