Is it just about the cartel practices, or is it also the promotion and demand for medical tourism that inflates the cost of healthcare? Fighting cartel practices in healthcare requires a multi-faceted policy approach that combines strict anti-trust enforcement with increased transparency and regulatory oversight, particularly regarding mergers and purchasing. Emulate SingaporeThe government should emulate Singapore, which employs a multi-faceted approach to fight potential cartel practices, collusion, and price-fixing in the private healthcare sector. Despite such an example, we have not seen Putrajaya taking serious action against industry players involved in cartel practices. There is also a need for a comprehensive debate in Parliament on medical tourism, which could be a contributing factor to medical inflation in the country.