Over the past 2 years, diesel imports into the European Union (EU), the UK, and Norway from outside the region have averaged close to 850,000 b/d. Imports of gasoil amount to a further 150,0000–200,000 b/d but are excluded from this analysis. “Trade data indicate that most of the diesel imports from the Middle East is sourced from a handful of refineries that process domestic crude, e.g. Saudi Arabia’s Yanbu, Jizan, and Jubail refineries, as well as Kuwait’s Al Zour and Mina Abdullah plants. Similarly, the US ban on importing Russian crude exempts it from heavier scrutiny.