Flowing without Roots: The Identity Crisis of Foreigners’ Descendants in Mainland China

['Chengzhi Zhang', 'Chengzhi Zhang Is A Phd Candidate In Politics At The University Of Manchester', 'Uk. His Research Project Is Primarily Focused On The Lived Experience', 'Identity Formation Of Foreigners', 'Descendants In Mainland China. His Research Interests Include Identity Politics', 'Racism', 'Nationalism In China.', '.Wp-Block-Co-Authors-Plus-Coauthors.Is-Layout-Flow', 'Class', 'Wp-Block-Co-Authors-Plus'] Made in China Journal 2025-09-09 00:00:00

Few such foreigners’ descendants had their identities examined as intensely as did Lou Jing. Having Chinese heritage does not necessarily reduce the sense of difference felt by foreigners’ descendants. Flowing without RootsSince their integration into Chinese society has not been smooth, foreigners’ descendants face a serious identity crisis. ‘National Identity and National Boundary Patterns in France and the United States.’ French Historical Studies 19(2): 349–65. ‘Placing Race, Culture, and the State in Chinese National Identity: Han, Hua, or Zhongguo?’ Asian Politics & Policy 8(3): 474–93.