Brief synthesisThe Rwenzori Mountains National Park provides stunning views of glacier and snow-capped mountains just kilometres from the equator, where it is contiguous with the Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The Rwenzori Mountains are the highest and most permanent sources of the River Nile, and constitute a vital water catchment. The Park also supplies local communities with various wild resources and is an important cultural heritage. The endangered Rwenzori black-fronted or red duiker, believed to be a very localized subspecies or possibly a separate species, appears to be restricted to the Park. IntegrityChallenges facing the Park include community uses of the park (such as collection of bamboo), tourism development, population growth and agricultural practices.